A landmark study conducted by the University of Oxford’s Leverhulme Center for Demographic Science and the University of Iceland, recently published in Nature Aging, offers unprecedented insights into how DNA affects fertility, Read More
The study utilized the GWAS Catalog, a robust online database of Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS), to compile findings from 159 genetic studies. Researchers identified 37 key genes linked to crucial reproductive traits such as age at first childbirth, timing of menopause, and levels of reproductive hormones like follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone. Among these, the FSHB gene (follicle-stimulating hormone subunit beta) emerged as particularly influential, linked to eleven different reproductive outcomes including the regulation of menstruation and menopause. These genetic factors not only dictate reproductive timelines but also have broader health implications. “Our research integrates findings across the genetics of reproduction to uncover common genes that influence traits extending beyond fertility, including health, body mass index (BMI), hormone-sensitive cancers, and even behavioral traits,” explained Professor Melinda Mills, the study’s senior lead author and Director of the Leverhulme Center for Demographic Science. The study also highlights the connection between reproductive genes and longevity. For instance, the ESR1 gene, which influences estrogen receptor function, is associated with reproductive traits that correlate with both hormone-sensitive cancer risks and longer life spans. Additionally, traits like early puberty onset or later menopause were linked to an increased risk of breast cancer, yet also associated with longer overall life expectancy. Historically, female reproductive health has garnered more research attention, but this study also sheds light on male reproductive genetics. Genes like DNAH2 are crucial for testosterone levels and sperm function, underscoring the importance of male reproductive health in overall fertility. “Exploring the genetics of male infertility opens up new avenues for treatments and a deeper understanding of reproductive challenges,” stated Vincent Straub, co-author and DPhil student at the Leverhulme Center. This research highlights the critical role of fertility specialists in addressing male infertility issues. The review goes beyond individual health to consider how genetic changes influence future generations. Parents accumulate de novo mutations—new, spontaneous genetic changes—as they age, which can significantly impact their offspring’s health and development. These findings underscore the complex interplay between genetics and reproductive health across generations. This study not only broadens our understanding of reproductive genetics but also sets the stage for more personalized approaches in healthcare. By identifying genetic factors that influence fertility and longevity, medical professionals can better predict and manage individual health trajectories. “This research provides crucial insights that could revolutionize personalized healthcare, improving outcomes for individuals and families,” concluded Dr. Stefanía Benónísdóttir, first author and Postdoctoral Researcher. As genetic research continues to evolve, its impact on understanding and managing reproductive health promises to enhance the quality of life and inform healthcare strategies for generations to come. Reference link: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-dna-reproductive-health-fertility-life.htmlGenes at the Core of Reproductive Health
Broader Health Implications
Connections to Longevity and Disease
Focus on Male Fertility
Generational Genetics
Implications for Personalized Healthcare
Understanding The Genetic Foundations Of Reproductive Health And Longevity
A landmark study conducted by the University of Oxford’s Leverhulme Center for Demographic Science and the University of Iceland, recently published in Nature Aging, offers unprecedented insights into how DNA affects fertility, Read More